TwinLife Environment

How does the environment we live in influence brain structure, mental health, and cognitive functioning? In the TwinLife Environment project, we investigate this question by studying twins. Understanding the role of environmental influences requires distinguishing them from genetic factors—something twin research is uniquely suited to do. 

We work with both monozygotic (identical) twins, who share nearly all of their genetic material, and dizygotic (fraternal) twins, who share about half. By comparing similarities and differences within and between these groups, we can identify which traits are more likely shaped by environmental influences as opposed to genetic predisposition. 

The project is conducted in collaboration with the broader TwinLife study, a long-term research initiative that follows twins and their families over time to examine how social inequalities develop and change throughout life. This collaboration allows us not only to examine associations but also to address causal questions—for instance, whether specific environmental exposures contribute to changes in mental health or brain structure. 

As part of the study, twins are invited to our institute in Berlin, where we conduct MRI scans to examine the structure and function of the brain. In addition, we collect data on mental health, cognitive performance, and biological markers, employing smartphones, smartwatches, and portable air quality monitors that participants use to measure environmental exposure in their everyday lives.

Our aim is to gain a deeper understanding of how various aspects of the physical and social environment are connected to psychological well-being and cognitive functioning—independent of genetic factors.